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This page has been machine-translated from the original page.

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Recently, Docker is available on WSL2, so there are fewer occasions where you would deliberately do development on Linux inside a virtual machine.

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Even so, there are still times when I want to develop on a Linux environment that I built as a virtual machine.

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Unless there is a special need, I would prefer to build a Linux environment as CUI-only to save resources, but if I do that, I can no longer use a rich editor like VSCode.

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To solve that problem, this time I will summarize how to set up an environment that lets you use VSCode installed on the host Windows machine to operate files on Ubuntu running in a virtual machine.

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Specifically, you can configure it with the following steps.

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  1. Create a Linux virtual machine in your local environment (Hyper-V is used this time)
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  2. Prepare an environment where the virtual machine and the host machine can connect over SSH
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  3. Prepare a key on the Windows host machine
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  4. Register the created public key in the virtual machine’s authorized_keys
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  5. Use the RemoteSSH extension in VSCode on the host machine to connect to the virtual machine over SSH
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This time, I will omit the setup for steps 1 and 2.

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Contents

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Prepare an SSH key on Windows

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Let’s get started by creating a key on the host Windows machine.

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Just start PowerShell and run ssh-keygen.exe.

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ssh-keygen.exe\n\nGenerating public/private rsa key pair.\nEnter file in which to save the key (C:\\Users\\kash1064/.ssh/id_rsa):\nEnter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):\nEnter same passphrase again:\nYour identification has been saved in C:\\Users\\kash1064/.ssh/id_rsa.\nYour public key has been saved in C:\\Users\\kash1064/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.\nThe key fingerprint is:\nSHA256:tE/q/DCfasd3vyVQzn7/lzgq5i79k+asip3LPNafwvWE kash1064@HEQET-01\nThe key's randomart image is:\n+---[RSA 3072]----+\n|                 |\n|                 |\n|        .        |\n|       . .       |\n|        S . +    |\n|         + + * . |\n|        + * A D .|\n|       *o*+M.* *.|\n|      ..*VXA@vv+*|\n+----[SHA256]-----+
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The public key you created is usually placed directly under the .ssh/ directory in your user folder.

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Register the public key on the virtual machine

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Next, append the created public key to .ssh/authorized_keys on the Linux machine.

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You can simply copy and paste it with vim or similar.

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After registration is complete, run the following command from PowerShell to confirm that SSH using the private key works.

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ssh <virtual-machine-username>@<virtual-machine-address> -i .\\.ssh\\id_rsa
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Connect to the virtual machine from VSCode

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Finally, set up the connection from VSCode to the virtual machine.

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First, install the RemoteSSH extension in VSCode.

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Next, select the RemoteSSH icon from the sidebar and set the address of the virtual machine you created as the SSH Target.

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At that time, configure the generated config file as shown in the image below.

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For IdentifyFile, specify the path to the private key in the key pair you created earlier.

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If you do not set this, you will be asked for the virtual machine’s password every time you connect, which is a bit inconvenient.

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Once the configuration is complete, click the Connect Remote Host button. A new window will open, and you will be able to operate the virtual machine’s files directly from VSCode.

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Summary

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It is not exactly something that needs to be made into an article at this point, but even though it is convenient, surprisingly few people seem to use it, so I decided to summarize it.

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Please make good use of it.

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